SYNERGY BETWEEN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE LAW IN REALISING A HEALTHY BUSINESS CLIMATE: A STUDY ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF BALANCE IN NATIONAL ECONOMIC LAW
Keywords:
Synergy between public and private law, principle of balance, national economic law, healthy business climate, regulation, legal protectionAbstract
This study discusses the synergy between public and private law in creating a healthy business climate in Indonesia, with a focus on the implementation of the principle of balance in national economic law. The synergy between these two areas of law is key to creating an economic system that is fair, efficient, and responsive to the dynamics of the modern economy. The study employs a normative legal method with a legislative approach and literature review, analysing written legal norms as well as relevant doctrines and court rulings. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the principle of balance is crucial for maintaining the proportion of rights and obligations of parties in economic legal relationships, whether in business agreements, commercial transactions, or macro-level regulations. However, its implementation still faces various challenges, such as unequal bargaining positions, low legal literacy, regulations that are not adaptive, and weak law enforcement. Proposed solutions include strengthening legal literacy, regulatory reform, enhanced oversight, and collaboration between the government, businesses, and the public. Thus, the synergy between public and private law and the implementation of the principle of balance are expected to create a healthy, fair, and sustainable business ecosystem in Indonesia.
Downloads
References
Aggarwal, V. K. (2010). Private Regulation in the Global Economy: A (P)Review. Business and Politics, 12(3), 1–38. https://doi.org/10.2202/1469-3569.1329
Beckers, A. (2019). Towards a Regulatory Private Law Approach for CSR Self-Regulation. European Review of Private Law, 27(2), 365–388. https://doi.org/10.54648/erpl2019014
Buse, K., & Walt, G. (2000). Global public-private partnerships: Part I – A new development in health? Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 78(4), 549–561. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0042-96862000000400011
Cepparulo, A., Eusepi, G., & Giuriato, L. (2023). Public Finance, Fiscal Rules and Public–Private Partnerships: Lessons for Post-COVID‑19 Investment Plans. Comparative Economic Studies. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41294-023-00213-x
Cindawati, C. (2012). The Principle of Balance In International Business Contract Law (In Anticipation Of The Free Trade Era). Indonesian Journal of International Law, 9(3), [Artikel 7]. https://doi.org/10.17304/ijil.vol9.3.357
Diaz, G. R. (2017). The contractual and administrative regulation of public-private partnerships. Utilities Policy, 48, 144–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2017.08.002
Eliyah, E., & Aslan, A. (2025). STAKE’S EVALUATION MODEL: METODE PENELITIAN. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Indonesia, 3(2), Article 2.
Ferrari, R. (2020). Writing narrative style literature reviews. Medical Writing, 24(4), 230–235. https://doi.org/10.1179/2047480615Z.000000000329
Hartanto, H. (2019). Karakteristik Penerapan Hukum Ekonomi dalam Pembangunan Nasional. Jurnal Pranata Hukum.
Lee, J. (2020). Private law and public regulation for investor protection in the asset management industry: Aims and practices in transposing the UK model to China. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3557163
Mahendrawati, N. L. M. (2021). The Principle of Balance to Realize Justice of the Parties in Standard Agreements for Business Format. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Business Law and Local Wisdom in Tourism (ICBLT 2021). https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211203.080
Maruyama, A. (2001). Towards a private–public synergy in financing climate change mitigation. Energy Policy, 29(13), 1087–1098. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-4215(01)00038-6
Maupin, J. A. (2013). Public and Private in International Investment Law: An Integrated Systems Approach. Duke Law Journal, 54(4), 1–40. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2237132
Muhlizi, A. F. (2017). Penataan Regulasi dalam Mendukung Pembangunan Ekonomi Nasional. Jurnal Rechtsvinding, 6(3).
Petersmann, E.-U. (2014). Need for a New Philosophy of International Economic Law and Adjudication. Journal of International Economic Law, 17(3), 639–669. https://doi.org/10.1093/jiel/jgu037
Prasetyo, A. & Anggraeni. (2025). Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja Sebagai Penerapan Sinergi Hukum dan Kebijakan Ekonomi di Era Globalisasi. Lentera Negara, 3(2).
Provost, C. (2014). Antitrust Law and Distributive Politics in The American States. Journal of Law & Policy, 36(4), [halaman artikel, jika ada].
Rosenfeld, M. (2013). Rethinking the boundaries between public law and private law for the twenty-first century. International Journal of Constitutional Law, 11(1), 125–145. https://doi.org/10.1093/icon/mos034
Supeno, S. (2020). Hukum Ekonomi—Sebuah Intisari Singkat.
Trager, A. M., & Simon, E. (2020). Healthcare Policy Program: Public-Private Partnerships PPP Government Guide. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000892
Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat. (n.d.).
Undang-Undang Nomor 9 Tahun 1995 tentang Usaha Kecil. (n.d.).
Usman, R. (2022). Hukum Persaingan Usaha di Indonesia. Sinar Grafika.
