TURNING POSITION TERHADAP KEJADIAN DEKUBITUS PASIEN ICU DI RUMAH SAKIT: TINJAUAN LITERATUR
Keywords:
turning position, pressure ulcers, ICU, pressure injuries, repositioningAbstract
Pressure ulcers are a common complication in patients with immobilisation in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). One effective prevention strategy is the provision of turning positions or periodic changes in body position. This article aims to systematically review various studies evaluating the effect of turning positions on the incidence of pressure ulcers in ICU patients. The research method used was a systematic literature review of databases such as Google Scholar, Garuda, and PubMed using the keywords ‘pressure ulcers,’ ‘mobilisation,’ and ‘position changes.’ The selected articles were empirical journals published in the last 10 years, written in Indonesian or English, and relevant to the focus on pressure ulcer prevention. The selection process followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) framework. From 50 identified articles, 10 were selected for analysis (7 empirical studies, 2 case studies, and 1 literature review). The most commonly used interventions were position changes every 2 hours, repositioning mobilisation, progressive mobilisation, and log roll techniques. All studies demonstrated a significant reduction in the risk and incidence of pressure ulcers, as evidenced by improved Braden or Norton scores and reduced pressure ulcer severity (p < 0.05). Based on these findings, mobilisation and position changes were proven effective as preventive interventions for pressure ulcers. Actions such as repositioning, lateral positioning, early mobilisation, and log roll should become standard nursing practice in ICUs and inpatient wards.
References
Apriliani, N. (2017). Mobilisasi dini untuk mengurangi risiko dekubitus pada pasien stroke di RSUD Dr. Soedirman Kebumen. Studi Kasus Deskriptif, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Muhammadiyah Gombong Tahun 2017
Faridah, U., Sukarmin, & Murtini, S. (2019). Pengaruh posisi miring terhadap dekubitus pada pasien stroke di RSUD RAA Soewondo Pati. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan dan Kebidanan, 10(1), 155–162.
Handayani. (2022). Pengaruh mobilisasi alih baring terhadap kejadian dekubitus di ICU Rumah Sakit Islam Surabaya Jemursari. Skripsi, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya.
Herly, H. N., Ayubbana, S., & Sari Hs, S. A. (2021). Pengaruh posisi miring untuk mengurangi risiko dekubitus pada pasien stroke. Jurnal Cendikia Muda, 1(3), 293–295.
Mahmuda, I. N. N. (2019). Pencegahan dan tatalaksana dekubitus pada geriatri. Biomedika, 11(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.23917/biomedika.v11i1.5966
Mayangsari, B., & Yenny. (2020). Pengaruh perubahan posisi terhadap risiko terjadinya dekubitus di Rumah Sakit PGI Cikini. Jurnal Keperawatan Cikini, 1(2), 35–41.
Padmiasih, N. W. (2020). Pengaruh mobilisasi progresif terhadap kejadian dekubitus pada pasien dengan ventilasi mekanik di ruang ICU RSD Mangusada. Indonesian Academia Health Sciences Journal, 1(2), 12–13.
Purnomo, A. R. (2024). Asuhan keperawatan pada pasien stroke: Risiko luka tekan dengan intervensi miring kanan miring kiri. Laporan Studi Kasus, Universitas Kusuma Husada Surakarta.
Wahyu. (2017). Pencegahan terjadinya dekubitus dengan teknik alih baring pada pasien stroke. Laporan Studi Kasus, RSUD K.R.M.T Wongsonogoro Semarang.
Yatmi, Istiningtyas, A., & Ekacahyaningtyas, M. (2020). Pengaruh teknik log roll per 2 jam terhadap risiko dekubitus pada pasien dengan cedera tulang belakang di RS Ortopedi Prof. Dr. R. Soeharso Surakarta. Skripsi, STIKES Kusuma Husada Surakarta.
